INSTRUMENTATION
Instrumentation: Measuring and controlling physical quantities and non physical quantities is called Instrumentation.
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Atom: smallest particle of a single element that can not be divided is called an atom.
Proton: the proton is a subatomic particle, it is located inside the nucleus, and it has + positive charge.
Neutron: neutron is a subatomic particle, it is located inside the nucleus, it does not have any charge.
Electron: it revolves around the nucleus, and it has - a negative charge.
Atomic number: total number of protons in the nucleus.
Atomic sheel
Subsheel:
BASIC ELECTRICITY
Current : flow of electrons
Ac(alternative current) : electrons changes its direction, forward and then going backward.
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Emf:
PD:
Motion measurment:
BASIC ELECTRONICS
Resistor: it limits the flow of current in an electrical circuit.
Capacitor: two conducting plates separated by an insulator, it is mostly used in electronic circuits, it blocks DC allowing AC.
Diode: it converts AC into DC.
Transistor: PNP AND NPN
PRESSURE
Pressure : force acting per the unit area . Units: kg/cm, bar, psi.
bourdon tube :
diaphragms :
capsules :
bellows :
Types of Pressure : absolute, gauge, atmospheric, vacuum
Pressure gauge:
pressure transducer: Convert pressure into an analog electrical signal
Pressure Transmitted:
Rpm Sensor:
TEMPERATURE
Temperature : degree of coldness and hotness of the body.
Units: kelvin, Fahrenheit, centigrade.
thermocouple
Rtd
pt 100 Pt 1000
FLOW
Flow: movement of a fluid or gas through a pipeline or channel.
LEVEL
Level: The difference between two heights.
CELLS & BATTERIES
SWITCHES
moving coil :
moving iron :
POWER SUPPLY UNITS :
CR :
TRAIC :
DIAC :
OSILATORS
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
NUMBER SYSTEM
A/D AND D/A CONVERTERS
LOGIC CIRCUITES
BASIC GATES : AND, OR, NOT
UNIVERSAL GATES : NAND, NOR
SPECIAL GATES : EX- OR , EX - NOR
ADDERS :
SUBTRACTORS :
FLIPFLOPS :
STRESS AND STRAIN MEASURMENT
LVDT AND RVDT
DCS
SCADA
